Lusaka, Zambia — Zambia’s export industry is undergoing a strategic transformation as the country seeks to rebalance its trade portfolio, reduce import dependency, and unlock new regional and global markets. At the recent Trade Policy Review held in Geneva on September 23, 2025, Zambia’s delegation—led by Minister of Commerce, Trade and Industry, Hon. Chipoka Mulenga—outlined key reforms aimed at boosting export competitiveness and aligning with global trade standards.
Zambia’s economic growth has averaged 5.2% since 2021, a notable recovery from the 2.0% average recorded between 2016 and 2020. Copper remains the backbone of Zambia’s export earnings, accounting for over 70% of foreign exchange inflows. However, the government is actively pursuing diversification through agro-processing, manufacturing, and service exports, particularly in transport and logistics.
The Ministry of Commerce, Trade and Industry (MCTI) has launched several initiatives under the 8th National Development Plan (8NDP), including the Enhanced Integrated Framework Project and the Lobito Corridor Trade Facilitation Project. These programs aim to improve border infrastructure, streamline customs procedures, and expand market access for Zambian goods across the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).
Despite these efforts, Zambia faces persistent challenges. The country’s import bill continues to outpace export earnings, placing pressure on the kwacha and exposing the economy to external shocks. Economic experts have called for a production-first approach, urging investment in local manufacturing, value addition in mining and agriculture, and supportive policies that link private sector growth directly to exportperformance.
The EU and other trade partners have commended Zambia’s ratification of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement and its participation in the Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement. These steps reflect Zambia’s commitment to a rules-based multilateral trading system and its ambition to become a more integrated and resilient export economy.
As Zambia navigates its path forward, the success of its export industry will hinge on structural reforms, regional integration, and the ability to translate resource wealth into diversified, high-value trade. With the right mix of policy, infrastructure, and investment, Zambia could emerge as a leading export hub in Southern Africa.